Intelligence has the capacity to adapt one's behaviors to
appropriate new conditions.
It is additional defined as the capability to observe information, and recall the data to be more functional towards adaptive behaviors within an environment.
Intelligence is most generally considered in humans, which also observes the non-human animals and in plants. The degree of intelligence is the ability to change.
Artificial Intelligence:
It can be difficult to define artificial intelligence,even for experts.
In general,artificial intelligence is an intelligence in machines like software.
"Artificial intelligence is the development and use of computer programs to copy intelligent human behavior"(Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary,1999)
"Artificial intelligence is the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior"(Merriam-Webster Dictionary)
The term 'artificial intelligence' (AI) has been mentioned for the first time in 1956 by John McCarthy during a conference where several scientists decided to meet to see if machines could be made intelligent. Since then AI is usually defined as the capability of a computer program to perform tasks or reasoning processes that we usually associate to intelligence in a human being.
Artificial intelligence brings to mind to the notion of replacing human intelligence with something synthetic.In general use,the term artificial intelligence means a machine which mimics human cognition.
In my point of view,artificial intelligence is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn. It is about designing machines that can think.
The AI field draws upon computer science, psychology, mathematics,philosophy, linguistics and many others.
Examples:
1)Google translate service,which nowadays is able to translate from and to more than 70 languages,is based on statistical machine learning which is part of artificial intelligence
2)Web searches,such as those that we ask of Google,rely on AI to give us the web pages that are most relevant to our query
Some of the actions which computers deal with artificial intelligence are designed includes:
a)Learning
b)Reasoning
c)Perception
d)Problem solving
e)Language - Understanding
Artificial Intelligence Strategy:
i)a vision and long term strategy
ii)resolution of medico - legal issues
iii)effective management of change
iv)effective management of complexity
v)empowerment of users
vi)adequate investment and continuity of effort
Advantages of Artificial Intelligence:
1)With artificial intelligence, the probabilities of error are almost nil, which has better accuracy to be achieved.
2)Organizations custom the avatars that are numerical assistants who interrelate with the users, thus saving the essential of human resources.
3)Robotic pets can help patients with despair and also save them active.
4)Their job is almost infinite as the machines will be able to do everything, essentially as they doesn’t have any boundaries.
5)Can be able to complete work faster than a human. They need not stop at any time as the machines no need to sleep, because they don’t get ill, there is no need for breaks
6)Smart phones are a great example of the application of AI
7)Fraud detection in smart card- based system is possible with the use of AI
8)Lacking of emotional sides. Emotions that often intercept rational thinking of a human being are not a hindrances for artificial thinkers
9)AI can be utilized in carrying out repetitive and time - consuming tasks efficiently
Disadvantages of Artificial Intelligence:
1)If the control of machines drives in the incorrect manner it may lead to destruction. Machines won't think before acting. They might be programmed to do the wrong things, or for mass destruction.
2)If robots start to switch humans in all field, it will finally lead to unemployment. People will be left with nothing to do. So much empty time may affect its destructive use
3)Can be changed foremost to mass scale destruction.
4)The malfunction can do the opposite of what they are programmed to do
5)It has the efficiency to corrupt younger generation.
6)The AI mainly lacks in human touch, since it does not have the capacity to think, it can only function according to program
Artificial Intelligence to Education:
The application of artificial intelligence to education(AIEd) has been the subject if academic research for more than 30 years.
AIEd tools that are very flexible, inclusive,personalized, engaging and effective. AIEd is also a powerful tool to open up what is sometimes called "black box of learning" giving us deeper and more fine-grained understandings of how learning actually happens. AI involves computer software that has been programmed to interact with the world in ways normally requiring human intelligence. This means that AI depends both on knowledge about the world and algorithms to intelligently process that knowledge.
This knowledge about the world is represented in so called 'models'
There are 3 key models at the heart of AIEd-
a)Pedagogical model
b)Domain model
c)Learner model
Advantages of AIEd:
1.AIEd can provide an intelligent,personal tutor for every learners
2.Expert facilitation
3.AIEd will help learners gain 21st century skills
4.AIEd will provide new insights into how learning is progressing
Limitation Faced in implementing Artificial Intelligence in Bangladesh:
There are several limitations in implementing AI in Bangladesh. Some problems are described here -
1. Poverty: our country is a developing country. People are starving in this country. For people AI is like a dream which never come true.
2. Social rejection: people of our society do not take technology positively. They sometimes reject this kind of technology.
3. Lack of knowledge: people have no idea about technology. People don't know how to use it.
4.lack of self-confidence: people have poor self-confidence. That's why,they are sacred to use technology.
5. Lack of training: Teachers are not well trained. They don't know how to use it for teaching.
6. Costly: AI is highly expensive for Bangladeshi people.
7. Classes: in our country, classes are teacher centred not learners centred. Learners only learn what teacher taught them.
8. Religious Superstition: some people are religiously superstitious. They decided to take technology negatively.
9. Affordability: people cannot afford AI tools because of its high price.
There still have many problems in implementation AI in Bangladesh, but government takes step to digitalized our country. Many seminars was held like a seminar was held in February of this year on a topic titled "Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Bangladesh" and a key note paper was presented by Lafifa Zamal,chairman of Robotics and Macatronics,University of Dhaka. Actually the day is not so far when technology or artificial intelligence tools are available in Bangladesh and everyone is using it.
References:
Luckin R, Holmes W, Griffiths M, Forcier L.B.,Intelligence unleashed, 2016. Pearson, UCL.
Artificial Intelligence Retrieved from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/artificial%20intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Retrieved from
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pros-cons-artificial-intelligence-mike-fekety
Artificial Intelligence Retrieved from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
Artificial Intelligence Retrieved from https://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/291543/2018/02/26/Robotics-and-AI-in-Bangladesh
No comments:
Post a Comment